2nd Puc Accountancy Chapter 5 Dissolution Of Partnership Firm Part – 1 Notes | ದ್ವಿತೀಯ ಪಿ.ಯು.ಸಿ ಲೆಕ್ಕಶಾಸ್ತ್ರ ಅಧ್ಯಾಯ – 5 ನೋಟ್ಸ್

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2nd Puc Accountancy Chapter 5 Notes

2nd Puc Accountancy Chapter 5 Dissolution Of Partnership Firm Part - 1 Notes | ದ್ವಿತೀಯ ಪಿ.ಯು.ಸಿ ಲೆಕ್ಕಶಾಸ್ತ್ರ ಅಧ್ಯಾಯ - 5 ನೋಟ್ಸ್
2nd Puc Accountancy Chapter 5 Dissolution Of Partnership Firm Part – 1 Notes

2nd Puc Accountancy Chapter 5 Notes

Short Questions

Q1. On dissolution, how do you deal with the partner’s loan if it appears on the

(a) Assets side of the Balance Sheet

(b) Liabilities side of the Balance Sheet

(a) When a partner’s loan is on the asset side of the balance sheet, it means that the partner has borrowed some amount from the business and needs to pay back the same. In this instance, the loan amount gets transferred to the partners’ capital account. It is shown as:

Partner’s Capital A/c Dr.

To Partner’s Loan A/c

(Loan account of partner transferred to partner capital account)

(b) When a partner’s loan appears on the liabilities side of the balance sheet, it means that the partner has provided a loan to the business and the business has to pay back the amount which it has got from the partner. The loan is paid in cash after the full filling payment of all external liabilities.

Partner’s Loan A/c Dr.

To Cash/Bank A/c

(Loan taken from partner paid in cash)

Q2. Distinguish between the firm’s debts and the partner’s private debts.

Basis of ComparisonFirm’s DebtsPartner’s Private Debts
MeaningDebts that are owed by a firm to the outsidersDebts that are owed by a partner to any other person outside the firm.
LiabilityLiability of the firm’s debt lies with all the partners jointly as well as individually.The liability of repaying debt rest only with the partner who has taken the debt.
Debt Settlement by private assetsWhenever the debts of the firm exceed the assets of the firm, the partner’s private assets may be utilized in order to pay the firm’s debt, only on the condition that the partner’s asset is more than his debtsThe debts that are private will be settled by the private assets of the partner. If any surplus happens it will be used in paying for the firm’s debts
Debt settlement by firm’s assetsDebts of firms’ are settled using assets’ of the firm. If any asset remains after clearing the debt, it gets distributed between the partners.Partner can utilize their share of surplus assets obtained after clearing all debts from firm for personal use.

Q3. State the order of settlement of accounts on dissolution.

The following rules are applicable to the settlement of accounts after a firm is dissolute as per Section 48 of the Partnership Act, 1932.

1. Amount which is received on the sale of assets should be used in this sequence:

i. Paying off all external expenses and liabilities

ii. Loans and advances that are owed to partners should be cleared.

Iii. The capital of all the partners must be paid off.

Any amount that still remains after paying off all these items must be distributed among partners of the dissolute firm in their original profit-sharing ratio.

2. In case of loss and capital deficiency, the following must be paid in this order:

i. Adjust loss and capital deficiency against the profits of the firm

ii. Adjust against the total capital of the firm

iii. If any loss or deficiencies is present after all the adjustments, the next course of action will be to bear the loss as per the individual profit-sharing ratio.

Q4. State the difference between the dissolution of a partnership and the dissolution of the partnership firm.

Basis of ComparisonDissolution of PartnershipDissolution of Partnership firm
MeaningIt refers to the stage where a partner/partners discontinue their relationship with the firm.It refers to the situation that all the relations between a firm and its partners cease to exit
DiscontinuationThe business continues as usualDiscontinuation of business due to the dissolving of firm
AccountsA revaluation account is createdA realization account is created
Liabilities and assetsRevaluation is doneSold off to pay for the liabilities
Economic RelationshipContinuesIt comes to an end
NatureSuch type of event is voluntary in natureIt can be sometimes compulsory and sometimes voluntary
EffectThe firm is not dissolvedBoth firm and partnership are dissolved

Q5. State the accounting treatment for:

i. Unrecorded assets

ii. Unrecorded liabilities

(i) For Unrecorded Assets

An unrecorded asset is such an asset whose value is written off from books of accounts, but it is in usable form. It is shown as:

1. If sold by cash

Cash A/c Dr.

To Realisation A/c

(Unrecorded asset sold off for cash)

2. If taken over by any partner

Partner’s Capital A/c Dr.

To Realisation A/c

(Partner takes over unrecorded asset)

ii) For unrecorded liabilities

Liabilities that are not recorded in books of firm are called unrecorded liabilities. It can be shown in records as

1. When unrecorded liability is paid off

Realization A/c Dr.

To Cash A/c

(Paid in cash the price of unrecorded liability)

2. When undertaken by a partner

Realization A/c Dr.

To Partner’s Capital A/c

(Liability that is unrecorded is taken over by partner)

Q6. On what account realization account differs from a revaluation account

Basis of ComparisonRealization AccountRevaluation Account
 MeaningIt is an account that is prepared to determine the net profit or loss on the sale of assets and discharging of liabilities of the firmIt is an account that is prepared to determine variations in the value of liabilities and assets of a firm.
Comprises ofAll Liabilities and assetsOnly those liabilities and assets that are evaluated
Time of preparationDuring the dissolution of the firmDuring firm restructuring
Frequency of PreparationOne time, when the firm is dissolved.As and when a new partner is introduced or an existing partner leaves the firm
EffectAll accounts related to liabilities and assets are closedThere is no account closure when revaluation happens
RecordsRecords all the Liabilities and assetsRecords liabilities and assets whose value changed over a period.

Karnataka 2nd PUC Accountancy Chapter 5 Dissolution of Partnership Firm Notes

Long Questions And practical Problems With Solutions

Q1. What is a Realisation Account?

When a firm is dissolved, it results in the closing of all accounts, assets are sold off and liabilities are paid off. To maintain a record of all such activities, a nominal account is prepared which is called a Realisation Account. Its main purpose is to determine the profit or loss that happens due to settling off assets and liabilities. If this exercise results in profit or loss, it gets transferred to the Partners’ Capital Account with their original profit-sharing ratio.

The main objectives of preparing a realization account is:

1. To ensure all accounts are closed

2. To record all transactions that are related to the sale of assets and paying off liabilities

3. Determining whether profit or loss is happening due to the sale of assets and paying off liabilities.

The format of the realization account is as follows:

Format of Realisation Account

Dr Cr

ParticularsAmountParticularsAmount
Various Assets
(Excluding Cash/Bank, fictitious assets, the Debit balance of P and L A/c, partner Capital A/c, Current A/c,
Loan to Partner)
Cash/Bank
(Payment for realization expenses)
Cash/Bank
(Payment to outside and unrecorded liabilities)
Partner’s Capital A/c
(If any liability is taken on expenses paid by him or remuneration payable to him)
Partner Capital A/c
(Profit on realization distributed in the profit
sharing ratio among all the partners)
 Various Liabilities
(Excluding Partner Capital account, reserves, P and L A/c, Current A/c, Loan to Partner)
Provision on assets
(like, Provision for doubtful debts; Provision for depreciation)
Cash/Bank
(Amount received from the realization of assets and unrecorded assets)
Partner‘s Capital A/c
(If any asset is taken over by any partner)
Partner Capital A/c
(Loss on realization borne by all the partners in their profit sharing ratio)
 
  

Q2. Explain the process of dissolution of a partnership firm?

The dissolution of a partnership firm results in the business being discontinued. Dissolution consists of disposing of assets, clearing payment for liabilities, and distributing the profit or loss among all partners.

A firm may be dissolved in the following ways:

1. Dissolution by agreement which can be with the consent of all partners or a contract between all partners.

2. Dissolution which becomes compulsory when all partners become insolvent or any changes in government policies make the business illegal.

3. Dissolution that is based on certain conditions such as a fixed period, purpose, death of a partner or insolvency of a partner/partners

4. Dissolution by a written notice given by a partner with the intention to dissolve the firm.

5. Dissolution by the court on account of a partner becoming a lunatic, indulging in illegal activities, found guilty of misconduct, incapable to perform duties or dissolution reason found justified.

The following rules are applicable to the settlement of accounts after a firm is dissolute as per Section 48 of the Partnership Act, 1932.

1. Amount which is received on the sale of assets should be used in the following order

i. Paying off all external expenses and liabilities

ii. Loans and advances that are owed to partners should be cleared.

Iii. The capital of all the partners should be paid off.

Any amount that still remains after paying off all these items should be distributed among partners of the dissolute firm in their original profit-sharing ratio.

2. In case of loss and capital deficiency, the following should be paid in order:

i. Adjust loss and capital deficiency against the profits of firm

ii. Adjust against the total capital of the firm

iii. If there exists any loss or deficiencies after all the adjustments, the next course of action will be to bear the loss as per the individual profit-sharing ratio.

Q3. How deficiency of creditors is paid off?

A deficiency of creditors arises when a firm is unable to pay off the creditors after selling of all the assets and utilizing the partner’s private assets. In such a situation there are two procedures that need to be followed:

1. Transferring deficiency to Partners’ Capital Account: In this procedure, creditors get paid from the cash available with the firm that includes each partner’s individual contribution. The deficiency is transferred to Partners capital account and therefore is managed by all partners as per their profit-sharing ratio. In case a partner becomes insolvent, it is regarded as a capital loss for the firm. If the partnership deed has no clause for such a situation, then the capital loss needs to be borne by partners who are in a solvent state and as per their capital ratio in the firm, as per Garner vs. Murray’s case.

2. Transferring the deficiency to Deficiency Account: In this process, a separate account is prepared for creditors. Then for determining the cash obtained from sale of firms and partners private assets, a cash account is prepared. Then after determining the cash available with the firm, creditors and external liabilities are paid, but not in full. The remaining creditors or the deficiency is then transferred to the deficiency account.

Q4. Journalise the following transactions regarding Realisation expenses:

[a] Realisation expenses amounted to ₹ 2,500.

[b] Realisation expenses amounting to ₹ 3,000 were paid by Ashok, one of the partners.

[c] Realisation expenses ₹ 2,300 borne by Tarun, personally.

[d] Amit, a partner was appointed to realize the assets, at a cost of ₹ 4,000. The actual amount of Realisation amounted to ₹ 3,000.

Journal 

 Particulars L.F.AmountAmount
(a)Realization A/cDr. 2,500 
 To Bank A/c   2,500
 (Realisation expenses paid)    
      
(b)Realisation A/cDr. 3,000 
 To Ashok’s Capital A/c   3,000
 (Realisation expenses paid by Ashok)    
      
(c)No entry, as all Realisation expenses, are borne personally by Tarun    
      
(d)Realisation A/cDr. 4,000 
 To Amit’s Capital A/c   4,000
 (Realisation expenses paid to Amit)    

Q5. Record necessary journal entries in the following cases:

[a] Creditors worth ₹ 85,000 accepted ₹ 40,000 as cash and Investment worth ₹ 43,000, in full settlement of their claim.

[b] Creditors were ₹ 16,000. They accepted Machinery valued at ₹ 18,000 in settlement of their claim.

[c] Creditors were ₹ 90,000. They accepted Buildings valued ₹ 1, 20,000 and paid cash to the firm ₹ 30,000.

Journal 

 Particulars L.F.AmountAmount
(a)Realization A/cDr. 40,000 
 To Cash A/c   40,000
 (Creditors worth ₹ 85,000 accepted 40,000 as cash and investment worth ₹ 43,000 in their full settlement)    
      
(b)No Entry    
 (Creditors ₹ 16,000 accepted Machinery ₹ 18,000 in the full settlement. No entry is required since both asset and liability are already transferred to the Realisation Account)    
      
(c)Cash A/cDr. 30,000 
 To Realisation A/c   30,000
 (Creditors worth ₹ 90,000 accepted buildings worth ₹ 1,20,000 and returned ₹ 30,000 as cash after settlement of claim to the firm)    

Q6. There was an old computer that was written off in the books of Accounts in the previous year. The same has been taken over by a partner Nitin for ₹ 3,000. Journalise the transaction, supposing. That the firm has been dissolved.

Journal 

Particulars L.F.AmountAmount
Nitin’s Capital A/cDr. 3,000 
To Realisation A/c   3,000
(Unrecorded computer taken over by Nitin)    

Q7. What journal entries will be recorded for the following transactions on the dissolution of a firm:

[a] Payment of unrecorded liabilities of ₹ 3,200.

[b] Stock worth ₹ 7,500 is taken by a partner Rohit.

[c] Profit on Realisation amounting to ₹ 18,000 is to be distributed between the partners Ashish and Tarun in the ratio of 5:7.

[d] An unrecorded asset realized ₹ 5,500.

Journal

Q8. Give journal entries for the following transactions:

1. To record the Realisation of various liabilities and assets,

2. A Firm has a Stock of ₹ 1, 60,000. Aziz, a partner took over 50% of the Stock at a discount of 20%,

3. Remaining Stock was sold at a profit of 30% on cost,

4. Land and Building (book value ₹ 1,60,000) sold for ₹ 3,00,000 through a broker who charged 2%, commission on the deal,

5. Plant and Machinery (book value ₹ 60,000) was handed over to a Creditor at an agreed valuation of 10% less than the book value,

6. Investment whose face value was ₹ 4,000 was realized at 50%.

Journal

 Particulars L.F.AmountAmount
1)     
(a)For the Transfer of Assets    
 Realization A/cDr.  
 To Assets A/c (Individually)    
 (Assets transferred to Realisation Account)    
      
(b)For Transfer of Liabilities    
 Liabilities A/c (Individually)Dr.  
 To Realisation A/c    
 (Liabilities transferred to Realisation Account)    
      
(c)For the sale of Asset    
 Cash/Bank A/cDr.  
 To Realisation A/c    
 (Assets sold)    
      
(d)For liability paid    
 Realization A/cDr.  
 To Cash/Bank A/c    
 (Liabilities paid)    
      
2)Aziz’s Capital A/cDr. 64,000 
 To Realisation A/c   64,000
 (Aziz, a partner took over 50% of the stock at a 20% discount, the value of the total stock  was ₹ 1,60,000)[1,60,000 × (50/100) × (80/100) = ₹ 64,000]    
      
3)Bank A/cDr. 1,04,000 
 To Realisation A/c   1,04,000
 (Stock worth ₹ 80,000  sold at a profit of 30% on cost) [80,000 × (130/100 = ₹ 1,04,000)]    
      
4)Bank A/cDr. 2,94,000 
 To Realisation A/c   2,94,000
 (Land and Building sold for ₹ 3,00,000 and 2% commission paid to the broker)    
      
5)No entry    
 (Plant and Machinery ₹ 60,000 handed over to the creditors at a discount of 10%.  No entry is required as both the asset and liability are already transferred to the Realisation Account)    
      
6)Bank A/cDr.  2,000
 To Realisation A/c    
 (Investments worth ₹ 4,000 were realized at 50%)    

Q9. How will you deal with the Realisation expenses of the firm of Rashim and Bindiya in the following cases?

1. Realisation expenses amount to ₹ 1, 00,000,

2. Realisation expenses amounting to ₹ 30,000 are paid by Rashim, a partner.

3. Realisation expenses are to be borne by Rashim for which he will be paid ₹ 70,000 as remuneration for completing the dissolution process. The actual expenses incurred by Rashim were ₹ 1, 20,000.

Books of Rashim and Bindiya Journal 

 Particulars L.F.AmountAmount
1)Realization A/cDr. 1,00,000 
 To Bank A/c   1,00,000
 (Realisation expenses paid)    
      
2)Realization A/cDr. 30,000 
 To Rashim’s Capital A/c   30,000
 (Realisation expenses borne by Rashim)    
      
3)Realization A/cDr. 70,000 
 To Rashim’s Capital A/c   70,000
 (Realisation expenses borne by Rashim and remuneration to him for dissolution ₹ 70,000)    

Q10. The book value of assets (other than cash and bank) transferred to the Realisation Account is ₹ 1, 00,000. 50% of the assets are taken over by a partner Atul, at a discount of 20%; 40% of the remaining assets are sold at a profit of 30% on cost; 5% of the balance being obsolete, realized nothing, and remaining assets are handed over to a Creditor, in full settlement of his claim.

You are required to record the journal entries for the Realisation of assets.

Journal 

Particulars L.F.AmountAmount
Realization A/cDr. 1,00,000 
To Sundry Assets A/c   1,00,000
(Assets other than cash and bank transfer to Realisation Account)    
     
Atul’s Capital A/cDr. 40,000 
To Realisation A/c   40,000
(Atul took over 50% of assets worth ₹ 1,00,000 at 20% discount) [1,00,000 × (50/100) × (80/100)]    
     
Bank A/cDr. 26,000 
To Realisation A/c   26,000
(Assets worth ₹ 20,000, i.e. 40% of assets of ₹ 50,000 are sold at a profit of 30%) [50,000 × (40/100) × (130/100)]    
     
No entry is made for obsolescence of the assets and the assets given to the creditors in the full settlement as these are already transferred to the Realisation Account and adjusted)    

Q11. Record necessary journal entries to record the following unrecorded liabilities and assets in the books of Paras and Priya:

1. There was old furniture in the firm which had been written off completely in the books. This was sold for ₹ 3,000,

2. Ashish, an old customer whose Account for ₹ 1,000 was written off as bad in the previous year, paid 60%, of the amount,

3. Paras agreed to take over the firm’s goodwill (not recorded in the books of the firm), at a valuation of ₹ 30,000,

4. There was an old typewriter that had been written off completely from the books. It was estimated to realize ₹ 400. It was taken away by Priya at an estimated price less than 25%,

5. There were 100 shares of ₹ 10 each in Star Limited acquired at a cost of ₹ 2,000 which had been written off completely from the books. These shares are valued @ ₹ 6 each and divided among the partners in their profit-sharing ratio.

 Books of Paras and Priya Journal 

 Particulars L.F.AmountAmount
1)Bank A/cDr.  3,000 
 To Realisation A/c    3,000
 (Unrecorded furniture sold)    
      
2)Bank A/cDr.  600 
 To Realisation A/c    600
 (Bad Debt recovered which was previously written off as bad)    
      
3)Paras’ Capital A/cDr. 30,000  
 To Realisation A/c    30,000
 (Unrecorded goodwill taken over by Paras)    
      
4)Priya’s Capital A/cDr.  300 
 To Realisation A/c    300
 (Unrecorded Typewriter estimated ₹ 400 taken over by Priya at25% less price)    
      
5)Paras’s Capital A/cDr.  300 
 Priya’s Capital A/cDr.  300 
 To Realisation A/c    600
 (100 shares of ₹ 10 each  which were not recorded in the books taken @ ₹ 6 each by Paras and Priya and divided between them in their profit sharing ratio)    

Q12. All partners wish to dissolve the firm. Yasmin, a partner wants that her loan of ₹ 2, 00,000 must be paid off before the payment of capital to the partners. But, Amart, another partner wants that the capital must be paid before the payment of Yastin’s loan. You are required to settle the conflict by giving reasons.

As per section 48 of the Partnership Act 1932, at the time of dissolution, loans and advances from the partners must be paid off before the settlement of their capital accounts. Hence, Yastin’s argument is correct that her loan of ₹ 2, 00,000 must be paid off before the payment of the partners’ capital.

Q13. What journal entries would be recorded for the following transactions on the dissolution of a firm after various assets (other than cash) on the third-party liabilities have been transferred to Realisation Account?

1. Arti took over the Stock worth ₹ 80,000 at ₹ 68,000.

2. There was an unrecorded Bike of ₹ 40,000 which was taken over By Mr. Karim.

3. The firm paid ₹ 40,000 as compensation to employees.

4. Sundry creditors amounting to ₹ 36,000 were settled at a discount of 15%.

5. Loss on Realisation ₹ 42,000 was to be distributed between Arti and Karim in the ratio of 3:4.

Journal 

 Particulars L.F.AmountAmount
1Arti’s Capital A/cDr. 68,000 
 To Realisation A/c   68,000
 (Arti took over stock worth ₹ 80,000 at ₹ 68,000)    
      
2.Karim’s Capital A/cDr. 40,000 
 To Realisation A/c   40,000
 (Karim took over an unrecorded bike of  ₹ 40,000)    
      
3.Realization A/cDr. 40,000 
 To Bank A/c   40,000
 (Compensation paid to the employees )    
      
4.Realization A/cDr. 30,600 
 To Bank A/c   30,600
 (Creditors amounting ₹ 36,000 were settled at a discount of 15%) [36,000 × (85/100)]    
      
5.Arti’s Capital A/cDr. 18,000 
 Karim’s Capital A/cDr. 24,00042,000
 To Realisation A/c    
 (Loss on Realisation transferred to Partners’ Capital Account)    

Q14. Rose and Lily shared profits in the ratio of 2:3. Their Balance Sheet on March 31, 2017 was as follows:

Balance Sheet of Rose and Lily as on March 31, 2017 

LiabilitiesAmountAssetsAmount ₹
Creditors40,000Cash16,000
Lily’s loan32,000Debtors 80,000 
Profit and Loss50,000Less: Provision for
doubtful Debts 3,600
76,400
Capitals:   
Lily1,60,000Inventory1,09,600
Rose2,40,000Bills Receivable40,000
  Buildings2,80,000
 5,22,000 5,22,000
    

Rose and Lily decided to dissolve the firm on the above date. Assets (except bills receivables) realized ₹ 4, 84,000.  Creditors agreed to take ₹ 38,000. The cost of Realisation was ₹ 2,400. There was a Motor Cycle in the firm which was bought out of the firm’s money but was not shown in the books of the firm. It was now sold for ₹ 10,000. There was a contingent liability in respect of the outstanding electric bill of ₹ 5,000, Bill Receivable taken over by Rose at ₹ 33,000.

Show Realisation Account, Partners Capital Account, Loan Account, and Cash Account.

Books of Rose and Lily Realisation Account

Dr. Cr.

ParticularsAmountParticularsAmount
Debtors80,000Provision for Doubtful Debts3,600
Inventory1,09,600Creditors40,000
Bills Receivables40,000Cash: 
Buildings2,80,000Motor cycle 10,000 
Cash: Other Assets 4,84,0004,94,000
Outstanding Electricity Bill 5,000 Rose’s Capital (Bills Receivable)33,000
Creditors 38,000   
Expenses 2,40045,400  
    
Profit transferred to:   
Rose’ Capital 6,240   
Lily’s Capital 9,36015,600  
 5,70,600 5,70,600

Partners’ Capital Accounts

Dr. Cr.

ParticularsRoseLilyParticularsRoseLily
Realization (Bills Receivable)33,000 Balance b/d2,40,0001,60,000
Cash A/c2,33,2401,99,360Profit and Loss20,00030,000
   Realization (Profit)6,2409,360
 2,66,2401,99,360 2,66,2401,99,360

Lily’s Loan Account

Dr. Cr.

ParticularsAmountParticularsAmount
Cash32,000Balance b/d32,000
    
 32,000 32,000

Cash Account

Dr. Cr.

ParticularsAmountParticularsAmount
Balance b/d16,000Realization: 
Realization: Creditors 38,000 
Motor Cycle 10,000 Outstanding Electricity Bill 5,000 
Other Assets 4,84,0004,94,000Expenses 2,40045,400
  Lily’s Loan32,000
  Rose’s Capital A/c2,33,240
  Lily’s Capital A/c1,99,360
 5,10,000 5,10,000

Note: Here the Contingent Liability of the Electricity Bill has been treated as Electricity Bill Payable.

Q15. Shilpa, Meena, and Nanda decided to dissolve their partnership on March 31, 2017. Their profit-sharing ratio was 3:2:1 and their Balance Sheet was as under:

Balance Sheet of Shilpa, Meena, and Nanda as on March 31, 2017 

LiabilitiesAmountAssetsAmount
Capitals: Land81,000
Shilpa80,000Stock56,760
Meena40,000Debtors18,600
Bank loan20,000Nanda’s Capital Account23,000
Creditors37,000Cash10,840
Provision for doubtful debts1,200  
General Reserve12,000  
 1,90,200 1,90,200

The stock of a value of ₹ 41,660 are taken over by Shiplap for ₹ 35,000 and she agreed to discharge the bank loan. The remaining stock was sold at ₹ 14,000 and debtors amounting to ₹ 10,000 realized ₹ 8,000. The land is sold for ₹ 1, 10,000. The remaining debtors realized 50% of their book value. The cost of Realisation amounted to ₹ 1,200. There was a typewriter not recorded in the books worth ₹ 6,000 which was taken over by one of the Creditors at this value. Prepare Realisation Account.

In the books of Shilpa, Meena, and Nanda 

Realization Account

Dr. Cr.

ParticularsAmountParticularsAmount
Land81,000Bank Loan20,000
Stock56,760Creditors37000
Debtors18,600Provision for doubtful debts1,200
Shilpa’s Capital A/c20,000Shilpa’s Capital A/c (Stock)35,000
Cash : Cash: 
Creditors 31000 Stock 14000 
Realization Expenses 1,20032200Debtors 12300 
Profit transferred to Land 1,10,0001,36,300
Shilpa’s Capital A/c 10,470   
Meena’s Capital A/c 6,980   
Nanda’s Capital A/c 3,49020,940  
 2,29,500 2,29,500

Partners’ Capital Account

Dr. Cr.

ParticularsShilpaMeenaNandaParticularsShilpaMeenaNanda
Balance b/d23,000Balance b/d80,00040,000
Realization35,000  General Reserve6,0004,0002,000
(Stock)   Realization20,000  
Cash81,47050,980 (Bank Loan)   
    Realization (Profit)10,4706,9803,490
    Cash  17,510
 1,16,47050,98023,000 1,16,47050,98023,000

Cash Account

Dr. Cr.

ParticularsAmountParticularsAmount
Balance b/d10,840Realization (Expenses)32,200
Realization (Assets)1,36,300Shilpa’s Capital A/c81,470
Nanda’s Capital A/c17,510Meena’s Capital A/c50,980
    
 1,64,650 1,64,650

Q16. Surjit and Rahi were sharing profits (losses) in the ratio of 3:2, their Balance Sheet as on March 31, 2017 is as follows:

Balance Sheet of Surjit and Rahi as on March 31, 2017 

LiabilitiesAmountAssetsAmount
Creditors38,000Bank11,500
Mrs. Surjit loan10,000Stock6,000
Reserve15,000Debtors19,000
Rahi’s loan5,000Furniture4,000
Capital’s: Plant28,000
Surjit10,000Investment10,000
Rahi8,000Profit and Loss7,500
 86,000 86,000

The firm was dissolved on March 31, 2017, on the following terms:

1. Surjit agreed to take the investments at ₹ 8,000 and to pay Mrs. Surjit’s loan.

2. Other assets were realized as follows:

Stock5,000
Debtors18,500
Furniture4,500
Plant25,000

3. Expenses on Realisation amounted to ₹ 1,600.

4. Creditors agreed to accept ₹ 37,000 as a final settlement.

You are required to prepare Realisation Account, Partners’ Capital Account and Bank Account.

Realization Account

Dr. Cr.

ParticularsAmountParticularsAmount
Stock6,000Creditors38,000
Debtors19,000Mrs. Surjit’s Loan10,000
Furniture4,000Surjit’s Capital A/c (Investment)8,000
Plant28,000Bank: 
Investment10,000Stock 5,000 
Surjit’s Capital A/c10,000Debtors 18,500 
(Mrs. Surjit’s Loan) Furniture 4,500 
Bank: Plant 25,00025,000
Expenses 1,600 Loss transferred to: 
Creditors 37,00038,600Surjit’s Capital A/c 3,960 
  Rahi’s Capital A/c 2,6406,600
    
 1,15,600 1,15,600

Partners’ Capital Account

Dr. Cr.

ParticularsSurjitRahiParticularsSurjitRahi
Realization (Investment)8,000 Balance b/d10,0008,000
Realisation (Loss)3,9602,640Realisation (Mrs. Surjit Loan)10,000 
Bank12,5408,360Reserve9,0006,000
      
 29,00014,000 29,00014,000

Rahi’s Loan Account

Dr. Cr.

ParticularsAmountParticularsAmount
  Balance b/d5,000
Bank5,000  
    
 5,000 5,000

Bank Account

Dr. Cr.

ParticularsAmountParticularsAmount
Balance b/d11,500Realization (Creditors and Expenses)38,600
Realization A/c (Assets realized)53,000Rahi’s Loan5,000
  Surjit’s Capital A/c12,540
  Rahi’s Capital A/c8,360
 64,500 64,500

Q17. Rita, Geeta, and Ashish were partners in a firm sharing profits/losses in the ratio of 3:2:1. On March 31, 2017 their balance sheet was as follows:

LiabilitiesAmountAssetsAmount
Capitals:  Cash22,500
Rita 80,000  Debtors52,300
Geeta 50,000  Stock36,000
Ashish 30,0001,60,000Investments69,000
Creditors 65,000Plant91,200
Bills payable 26,000  
General reserve 20,000  
  2,71,000  2,71,000

On the date of above-mentioned date the firm was dissolved:

1. Rita was appointed to realize the assets. Rita was to receive 5% commission on the rate of assets (except cash) and was to bear all expenses of Realisation,

2. Assets were realized as follows:

 
Debtors30,000
Stock26,000
Plant42,750

3. Investments were realized at 85% of the book value,

4. Expenses of Realisation amounted to ₹ 4,100,

5. Firm had to pay ₹ 7,200 for outstanding salary not provided for earlier,

6. Contingent liability in respect of bills discounted with the bank was also materialized and paid off ₹ 9,800,

Prepare Realisation Account, Capital Accounts of Partners’ and Cash Account.

In the books of Rita, Geeta, and Ashish Realisation Account

Dr. Cr.

ParticularsAmountParticularsAmount
Debtors52,300Creditors65,000
Stock36,000Bills Payable26,000
Investment69,000Cash: 
Plant91,200Debtors30,000
Cash: Stock26,000
Outstanding Salaries 7,200  Plant42,750
Discounted Bill 9,800  Investment58,650
Creditors 65,000   
Bills Payable 26,0001,08,000Loss transferred to 
Rita’s Capital A/c 7,870Rita’s Capital A/c 57,985 
(Commission- 1,57,400 ´ 5/100) Geeta’s Capital A/c 38,657 
   Ashish’s Capital A/c 19,3281,15,970
    
  364370  364370

Partners’ Capital Account

Dr. Cr.

ParticularsRitaGeetaAshishParticularsRitaGeetaAshish
Realization (Loss)57,98538,65719,328Balance b/d80,00050,00030,000
Bank39,88518,01014,005General Reserve10,0006,6673,333
    Realization7,870  
        
 97,8705666733333 9787056,66733,333

Cash Account

Dr. Cr.

ParticularsAmountParticularsAmount
Balance b/d22,500Realization A/c1,08,000
Realization1,57,400Rita’s Capital39,885
  Geeta’s Capital A/c18,010
  Ashish’s Capital A/c14,005
    
 1,79,900 1,79,900

Q18. Anup and Sumit are equal partners in a firm. They decided to dissolve the partnership on December 31, 2017. When the balance sheet is as under:

Balance Sheet of Anup and Sumit as on December 31, 2017 

LiabilitiesAmountAssetsAmount
Sundry Creditors27,000Cash at bank11,000
Reserve fund10,000Sundry Debtors12,000
Loan40,000Plants47,000
Capital Stock42,000
Anup 60,000 Leasehold land60,000
Sumit 60,0001,20,000Furniture25,000
  1,97,000 1,97,000

The Assets were realized as follows:

 
Leasehold land72,000
Furniture22,500
Stock40,500
Plant48,000
Sundry Debtors10,500

The Creditors were paid ₹ 25,500 in full settlement. Expenses of Realisation amount to ₹ 2,500.

Prepare Realisation Account, Bank Account, and Partners Capital Accounts to close the books of the firm.

Books of Anup and Sumit Realisation Account

Dr. Cr.

ParticularsAmountParticularsAmount
Sundry Debtors12,000Sundry Creditors27,000
Plants47,000Loan40,000
Stock42,000Bank: 
Leasehold land60,000Leasehold Land72,000
Furniture25,000Furniture22,500
Bank: Stock40,500
Creditors25,500Plant48,000
Loan40,000Sundry Debtors10,500
Expenses2500  
Profit transferred to   
Sumit’s Capital A/c3250  
    
 2,60,500 2,60,500

Partners’ Capital Account

Dr. Cr.

ParticularsAnupSumitParticularsAnupSumit
Bank68,25068,250Balance b/d60,00060,000
   Reserve Fund5,0005,000
   Realization3,2503,250
      
 68,25068,250 68,25068,250

Bank Account

Dr. Cr.

ParticularsAmountParticularsAmount
Balance b/d11,000Realization (Expenses and Liabilities)68,000
Realization (Assets )1,93,500Anup’s Capital A/c68,250
  Sumit’s Capital A/c68,250
    
 2,04,500 2,04,500

Q19. Ashu and Harish are partners sharing profit and losses as 3:2. They decided to dissolve the firm on December 31, 2017. Their balance sheet on the above date was:

Balance Sheet of Ashu and Harish as on December 31, 2017 

LiabilitiesAmountAssetsAmount
Capitals: Building80,000
Ashu 1,08,000 Machinery70,000
Harish 54,0001,62,000Furniture14,000
Creditors88,000Stock20,000
Bank Overdraft50,000Investments60,000
  Debtors48,000
  Cash in hand8,000
  3,00,000 3,00,000

Ashu is to take over the building at ₹ 95,000 and Machinery and Furniture is taken over by Harish at value of ₹ 80,000. Ashu agreed to pay Creditor and Harish agreed to meet Bank overdraft. Stock and Investments are taken by both partner in profit sharing ratio. Debtors realised for ₹ 46,000, expenses of Realisation amounted to ₹ 3,000. Prepare necessary ledger Account.

 Books of Ashu and Harish Realisation Account

Dr. Cr.

ParticularsAmountParticularsAmount
Building80,000Creditors88,000
Machinery70,000Bank Overdraft50,000
Furniture14,000Ashu’s Capital A/c (Assets taken)1,43,000
Stock20,000Harish’s Capital A/c (Assets taken)1,12,000
Investments60,000Cash  (Debtors)46,000
Debtors48,000  
Ashu’s Capital A/c (Creditors)88,000  
Harish’s Capital A/c (Bank Overdraft)50,000  
Cash (Expenses)3,000  
Profit transferred to   
Ashu’s Capital A/c 3,600   
Harish’s Capital A/c 2,4006,000  
 4,39,000 4,39,000

Partners’ Capital Account

Dr. Cr.

ParticularsAshuHarishParticularsAshuHarish
Realization (Assets taken)1,43,0001,12,000Balance b/d1,08,00054,000
Cash56,600 Realization (Liabilities)88,00050,000
   Realization (Profit)3,6002,400
   Cash 5,600
 1,99,6001,12,000 1,99,6001,12,000

Cash Account

Dr. Cr.

ParticularsAmountParticularsAmount
Balance b/d8,000Realization (Expenses)3,000
Realization (Debtors)46,000Ashu’s Capital A/c56,600
Harish’s Capital A/c5,600  
 59,600 59,600

Working Notes:

 AshuHarish
Building95,000 
Machinery and Furniture 80,000
Stock (3:2)12,0008,000
Investment (3:2)36,00024,000
 ₹ 1,43,000₹ 1,12,000

Q20. Sanjay, Tarun, and Vineet shared profit in the ratio of 3:2:1. On December 31, 2017, their balance sheet was as follows:

Balance Sheet of Sanjay, Tarun and Vineet as on December 31, 2017 

LiabilitiesAmountAssetsAmount₹
Capitals: Plant90,000
Sanjay 1,00,000 Debtors60,000
Tarun 1,00,000 Furniture30,000
Vineet 70,0002,70,000Stock60,000
Creditors80,000Investments70,000
Bills payable30,000Bills receivable36,000
  Cash in hand32,000
  3,80,000 3,80,000

On this date, the firm was dissolved. Sanjay was appointed to realize the assets. Sanjay was to receive a 6% commission on the sale of assets (except cash) and was to bear all expenses of Realisation.

Sanjay realized the assets as follows: Plant ₹ 72,000, Debtors ₹ 54,000, Furniture ₹ 18,000, Stock 90% of the book value, Investments ₹ 76,000, and Bills receivable ₹ 31,000. Expenses of Realisation amounted to ₹ 4,500.

Prepare Realisation Accounts, Capital Accounts, and Cash Accounts

Books of Sanjay, Tarun, and Vineet Realisation Account

Dr. Cr.

ParticularsAmountParticularsAmount
Plant90,000Creditors80,000
Debtors60,000Bills Payable30,000
Furniture32,000Cash: 
Stock60,000Plant72,000
Investment70,000Debtors54,000
Bills Receivable36,000Furniture18,000
Cash : Stock54,000
Creditors 80,000 Investments 76,000 
Bills Payable 30,0001,10,000Bills Receivable 31,0003,05,000
Sanjay’s Capital A/c18,300Loss transferred to 
(6% commission) Sanjay’s Capital 30,650 
  Tarun’s Capital A/c 20,433 
  Vineet’s Capital A/c 10,21761,300
 4,76,300 4,76,300
    

Partners’ Capital Account

Dr. Cr.

ParticularsSanjayTarunVineetParticularsSanjayTarunVineet
Realization (Loss)30,65020,43310,217Balance b/d1,00,0001,00,00070,000
Cash87,65079,56759,783Realization
 (Commission)
18,300  
        
 1,18,3001,00,00070,000 1,18,3001,00,00070,000
        

Cash Account

Dr. Cr.

ParticularsAmountParticularsAmount
Balance b/d32,000Realization1,10,000
Realization3,05,000Sanjay’s Capital A/c87,650
  Tarun’s Capital A/c79,567
  Vineet’s Capital A/c59,783
    
 3,37,000 3,37,000

Q21. The following is the Balance Sheet of Gupta and Sharma as on December 31, 2017:

Balance Sheet of Gupta and Sharma as on December 31, 2017 

LiabilitiesAmountAssetsAmount
Sundry Creditors38,000Cash at Bank12,500
Mrs.Gupta’s loan20,000Sundry Debtors55,000
Mrs.Sharma’s loan30,000Stock44,000
Reserve fund6,000Bills Receivable19,000
Provision of doubtful debts4,000Machinery52,000
Capital Investment38,500
Gupta 90,000 Fixtures27,000
Sharma 60,0001,50,000  
 2,48,000 2,48,000

The firm was dissolved on December 31, 2017, and asset realized and settlements of liabilities as follows:

(a) The Realisation of the assets were as follows:

 
Sundry Debtors52,000
Stock42,000
Bills receivable16,000
Machinery49,000

(b) Investment was taken over by Gupta at an agreed value of ₹ 36,000 and agreed to pay off Mrs. Gupta’s loan.

(c) The Sundry Creditors were paid off less 3% discount.

(d) The Realisation expenses incurred amounted to ₹ 1,200.

Journalise the entries to be made on the dissolution and prepare the Realisation Account, Bank Account, and Partners Capital Accounts.

Books of Gupta and Sharma Journal 

DateParticulars L.FAmountAmount
2012     
Dec. 31Realisation A/cDr. 2,35,500 
 To Sundry Debtors A/c   55,000
 To Stock A/c   44,000
 To Bills Receivable A/c   19,000
 To Machinery A/c   52,000
 To Investment A/c   38,500
 To Fixtures A/c   27,000
 (Assets transferred to Realisation Account)    
      
Dec. 31Sundry Creditors A/cDr. 38,000 
 Mrs. Gupta’s Loan A/cDr. 20,000 
 Mrs. Sharma’s Loan A/cDr. 30,000 
 Provision for Doubtful DebtsDr. 4,000 
 To Realisation A/c   92,000
 (Liabilities transferred to Realisation Account)    
      
Dec. 31Bank A/cDr. 1,59,000 
 To Realisation A/c   1,59,000
 (Assets realised: Sundry Debtors ₹ 52,000, Stock ₹ 42,000,Bills Receivable ₹ 16,000, Machinery ₹ 49,000)    
      
Dec. 31Realisation A/cDr. 20,000 
 To Gupta’s Capital A/c   20,000
 (Gupta took over Mrs. Gupta’s Loan)    
      
Dec. 31Gupta’s Capital A/cDr. 36,000 
 To Realisation A/c   36,000
 (Investment taken over by Gupta)    
      
Dec. 31Realisation A/cDr. 66,860 
 To Bank A/c   66,860
 (Liabilities paid: Mrs. Sharma’s Loan ₹ 30,000 and Creditors₹ 38,000 paid off less 3% discount)    
      
Dec. 31Realisation A/cDr. 1,200 
 To Bank A/c   1,200
 (Realisation expenses paid)    
      
Dec. 31Gupta’s Capital A/cDr. 18,280 
 Sharma’s Capital A/cDr. 18,280 
 To Realisation A/c   36,560
 (Loss on Realisation transferred to Partners’ capital Account)    
      
Dec. 31Reserve Fund A/cDr. 6,000 
 To Gupta’s Capital A/c   3,000
 To Sharma’s Capital A/c   3,000
 (Reserve fund distributed among partners ratio)    
      
Dec. 31Gupta’s Capital A/cDr. 58,720 
 Sharma’s Capital A/cDr. 44,720 
 To Bank A/c   1,03,440
 (Final payment made to partners)    

Realization Account

Dr. Cr.

ParticularsAmountParticularsAmount
Sundry Debtors55,000Sundry Creditors38,000
Stock44,000Mrs. Gupta’s Loan20,000
Bills Receivable19,000Mrs. Sharma’s Loan30,000
Machinery52,000Provision for Doubtful Debts4,000
Investment38,500Bank : 
Fixtures27,000Sundry Debtors52,000
Gupta’s Capital A/c (Mrs. Gupta Loan)20,000Stock42,000
Bank A/c: Bills Receivable16,000
Creditors 36,860 Machinery49,000
Mrs. Sharma’s Loan 30,000 Gupta’s Capital A/c (Investment)36,000
Expense 1,20068,060Loss transferred to 
  Gupta’s Capital A/c 18,280 
  Sharma’s Capital A/c 36,56036,560
    
 3,23,560 3,23,560

Partners’ Capital Account

Dr. Cr.

ParticularsGuptaSharmaParticularsGuptaSharma
Realization (Investment)36,000 Balance b/d90,00060,000
Realization (Loss)18,28018,280Realization (Mrs. Gupta Loan)20,000 
Bank58,72044,720Reserve Fund3,0003,000
      
 1,13,00063,000 1,13,00063,000

Bank Account

Dr. Cr.

ParticularsAmountParticularsAmount
Balance b/d12,500Realization68,060
Realization (Assets realized)1,59,000(Payment of expenses and liabilities) 
  Gupta’s Capital A/c58,720
  Sharma’s Capital A/c44,720
    
 1,71,500 1,71,500

Q22. Ashok, Babu, and Chetan are in partnership sharing profit in the proportion of 1/2, 1/3, 1/6 respectively. They dissolve the partnership of December 31, 2017, when the balance sheet of the firm as under:

Balance Sheet of Ashok, Babu and Chetan as on December 31, 2017 

LiabilitiesAmountAssetsAmount
Sundry Creditors20,000Bank7,500
Bills payable25,500Sundry Debtors58,000
Babu’s loan30,000Stock39,500
Capital’s: Machinery48,000
Ashok 70,000 Investment42,000
Babu 55,000 Freehold Property50,500
Chetan 27,0001,52,000  
Current Accounts :   
Ashok 10,000   
Babu 5,000   
Chetan 3,00018,000  
  2,45,500 2,45,500

The Machinery was taken over by Babu for ₹ 45,000, Ashok took over the Investment for ₹ 40,000 and Freehold property was taken over by Chetan at ₹ 55,000. The remaining Assets are realized as follows: Sundry Debtors ₹ 56,500 and Stock ₹ 36,500. Sundry Creditors were settled at a discount of 7%. An Office computer, not shown in the books of Accounts realized ₹ 9,000. Realization expenses amounted to ₹ 3,000.

Prepare Realisation Account, Partners Capital Account, and Bank Account.

Realization Account

Dr. Cr.

ParticularsAmountParticularsAmount
Sundry Debtors58,000Sundry Creditors20,000
Stock39,500Bills Payable25,500
Machinery48,000Ashok’s Current  A/c (Investment)40,000
Investment42,000Babu’s Current  A/c (Machinery)45,000
Freehold property50,500Chetan’s Current A/c55,000
Bank: (Freehold property) 
Sundry Creditors18,600Bank: 
Bills payable25,500Sundry Debtors56,500
Expenses3,000Stock36,500
Profit Transferred to Unrecorded computer9,000
Ashok’s Current A/c 1,200   
Babu’s Current A/c 800   
Chetan’s Current A/c 4002,400  
    
 2,87,500 2,87,500

Partners’ Current Accounts

Dr. Cr.

ParticularsAshokBabuChetanParticularsAshokBabuChetan
Realization40,00045,00055,000Balance b/d10,0005,0003,000
(Assets taken)   Realization (Profit)1,200800400
    Ashok’s Capital A/c28,800  
    Babu’s Capital A/c 39200 
    Chetan’s Capital A/c  51600
 40,00045,00055,000 40,00045,00055,000

Partners’ Capital Accounts

Dr. Cr.

ParticularsAshokBabuChetanParticularsAshokBabuChetan
Ashok’s Current28,800  Balance b/d70,00055,00027,000
Babu’s Current 39200 Bank  24,600
Chetan’s Current  51600    
Bank41,20015,800     
        
        
 70,00055,00051,600 70,00055,00051,600

Babu’s Loan A/c

Dr. Cr.

ParticularsAmountParticularsAmount
Cash A/c30,000Balance b/d30,000
    
 30,000 30,000

Bank Account

Dr. Cr.

ParticularsAmountParticularsAmount
Balance b/d7,500Realization (Payment of Expenses47,100
Realization (Assets realized)102,000and Liabilities) 
Chetan’s Capital A/c24,600Babu’s Loan30,000
  Ashok’s Capital A/c41,200
  Babu’s Capital A/c15,800
    
 1,34,100 1,34,100

Q23. The following is the Balance sheet of Tanu and Manu, who shares profit and losses in the ratio of 5:3, On December 31, 2017:

Balance Sheet of Tanu and Manu as on December 31, 2017 

LiabilitiesAmount₹AssetsAmount₹
Sundry Creditors62,000Cash at Bank16,000
Bills Payable32,000Sundry Debtors55,000
Bank Loan50,000Stock75,000
Reserve fund16,000Motor car90,000
Capital: Machinery45,000
Tanu 1,10,000 Investment70,000
Manu 90,0002,00,000Fixtures9,000
 3,60,000 3,60,000

On the above date, the firm is dissolved and the following agreement was made: Tanu agree to pay the bank loan and took away the sundry debtors. Sundry creditors accept stock and paid ₹ 10,000 to the firm. Machinery is taken over by Manu for ₹ 40,000 and agreed to pay bills payable at a discount of 5%.. The motor car was taken over by Tanu for ₹ 60,000. Investment realized ₹ 76,000 and fixtures ₹ 4,000. The expenses of dissolution amounted to ₹ 2,200.

Prepare Realisation Account, Bank Account, and Partners Capital Accounts.

 Books of Tanu and Manu Realisation Account

Dr. Cr.

ParticularsAmountParticularsAmount
Sundry Debtors55,000Sundry Creditors62,000
Stock75,000Bills Payable32,000
Motor Car90,000Bank Loan50,000
Machinery45,000Tanu’s Capital A/c: 
Investment70,000Sundry Debtors 55,000 
Fixtures9,000Motor Car 60,0001,15,000
Manu’s Capital A/c  (Bills Payable)30,400Bank: 
Tanu’s Capital A/c (Bank Loan)50000Investment 76,000 
  Fixtures 4,00090,000
  Manu’s Capital (Machinery)40,000
  Loss transferred to 
  Manu’s Capital A/c 23,500 
  Manu’s Capital A/c 14,10037,600
    
 4,26,600 4,26,600
    

Partners’ Capital Account

Dr. Cr.

ParticularsTanuManuParticularsTanuManu
Realization (Assets taken)1,15,00040,000Balance b/d1,10,00090,000
Realization (Loss)23,50014,100Realization (Liabilities)50,00030,400
Bank31,50072,300Reserve Fund10,0006,000
      
 1,70,0001,26,400 1,70,0001,26,400

Bank Account

Dr. Cr.

ParticularsAmountParticularsAmount
Balance b/d16,000Realization (Expenses)2,200
Realization (Assets)90,000Tanu’s Capital A/c31,500
  Manu’s Capital A/c72,300
    
 1,06,000 1,06,000

Concepts covered in this chapter

  • Dissolution of partnership
  • Dissolution of a firm
  • Settlement of Accounts
  • Accounting treatment

FAQ:

1. What are the Firm’s Debts

Debts that are owed by a firm to the outsiders

2. What Are Partner’s Private Debts

Debts that are owed by a partner to any other person outside the firm.

3. What Is Dissolution of Partnership

It refers to the stage where a partner/partners discontinue their relationship with the firm.

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